City images reflect the contrast of the organic attempting to depict man-made constructs. Cities and buildings are rendered in a distorted style, which attempts to capture the energy, noise and possible pollution (external and internal) of an urban environment. Stark vertical shifts in the buildings are set against the more flowing, horizontal waves of the ambiguous backdrops.

Landscapes in this gallery are more than vistas: they convey emotional states through intense flow, texture and lighting. Three-dimensional space is not as interesting to the artist as eliciting an emotional reaction or connection for the viewer.

In these oceans, the palette knife seems the vessel lost at sea. Level of internal agitation or serenity is revealed based on the travels and thickness of oil paint across the canvas. Three-dimensional detail once again takes a back seat to spiritual affect.